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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Скорая медицинская помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Northwest State Medical University named after II Mechnikov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2072-6716-2026-27-1-85-94</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smp-1018</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническое течение и диагностика артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков на догоспитальном этапе (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical course and diagnostics of arterial hypertension in children and adloescents at the pre-hospital stage (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2402-1837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайтор</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaytor</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шайтор Данила Иванович — детский кардиолог, аспирант кафедры педиатрии и детской кардиологии.</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, Кирочная ул., д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila I. Shaytor</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1284-5890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельникова</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnikova</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельникова Ирина Юрьевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой педиатрии и детской кардиологии.</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, Кирочная ул., д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina Yu. Melnikova</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6086-7667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайтор</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaytor</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шайтор Валентина Мироновна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры скорой медицинской помощи.</p><p>191015, Санкт-Петербург, Кирочная ул., д. 41</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina M. Shaytor</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sh-vm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>94</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шайтор Д.И., Мельникова И.Ю., Шайтор В.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шайтор Д.И., Мельникова И.Ю., Шайтор В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shaytor D.I., Melnikova I.Y., Shaytor V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1018">https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1018</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: провести анализ отечественной и зарубежной литературы по проблематике оказания неотложной помощи детям и подросткам с артериальной гипертензией на догоспитальном этапе.</p><p>Материалы и методы исследования. Проанализировано 42 зарубежных и отечественных источника по вопросам артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков на догоспитальном этапе, в том числе 15 источников за последние 5 лет. Результаты исследования. Особенностью современной педиатрии является увеличение частоты встречаемости артериальной гипертензии (АГ) в детском возрасте. В 2025 году Минздравом России были утверждены клинические рекомендации «Артериальная гипертензия у детей», где определены допустимые возрастные отклонения АД от нормы в зависимости от пола и роста, представлены характеристики первичной (эссенциальной) или вторичной (симптоматической). АГ формируется чаще у детей с определенными факторами риска: хроническими заболеваниями, ожирением, хронической болезнью почек (ХБП), диабетом, нарушениями дыхания во сне (апноэ), а также у недоношенных по анамнезу. Для профилактики АГ необходим ранний диагностический скрининг АД у детей, начиная с раннего возраста и, особенно, в подростковом возрасте, с возможным использованием термина «пред-гипертензия». Терапевтические подходы при АГ у детей связаны с адекватными рекомендациями по диетотерапии, профилактике психогенной гипертензии и своевременному лекарственному лечению. Детям с симптоматической АГ показаны ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина, блокаторы кальциевых каналов и тиазидные диуретики, которые достаточно эффективны и безопасны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. 43 foreign and domestic sources on arterial hypertension in children and adolescents were analyzed, including 15 sources from the last 5 years at the pre-hospital stage.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A feature of modern pediatrics is the increasing incidence of arterial hypertension (AH) in childhood. In 2025, the Russian Ministry of Health approved the clinical guidelines «Arterial Hypertension in Children», which define the acceptable age-related deviations of blood pressure from the norm, depending on gender and height, and provide characteristics of primary (essential) or secondary (symptomatic) hypertension. Hypertension is formed more often in children with certain risk factors: chronic diseases, obesity, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, sleep apnea, and preterm infants. To prevent hypertension, it is necessary to perform early diagnostic screening of blood pressure in children, starting from an early age of development and especially during adolescence, with the possible use of the term «prehypertension». Therapeutic approaches to pediatric hypertension include adequate dietary recommendations, prevention of psychogenic hypertension, and timely drug treatment. Children with symptomatic AH are prescribed angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics, which are highly effective and safe.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>дети и подростки</kwd><kwd>клиническая картина</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>children and adolescents</kwd><kwd>clinic</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>therapy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Диагностика, лечение и профилактика артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков. 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