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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Скорая медицинская помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Northwest State Medical University named after II Mechnikov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2072-6716-2026-27-2-29-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smp-1066</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГИЯ И РЕАНИМАТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANESTHESIOLOGY AND RESUSCITATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности венозного доступа на догоспитальном этапе в условиях современного вооруженного конфликта. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сharacteristics of prehospital venous access in modern armed conflict</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3600-2801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыганков</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygankov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цыганков Александр Евгеньевич — старший лейтенант медицинской службы, начальник группы анестезиологии и реанимации (подвижная) медицинского отряда (специального назначения)</p><p>191124, Санкт-Петербург, Суворовский пр., д.63а</p><p>AuthorID: 1156230</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Tsygankov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsygankovae1989@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5866-8378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Касимов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kasimov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Касимов Рустам Рифкатович — кандидат медицинских наук, полковник медицинской службы,главный хирург</p><p>191124, СанктПетербург, Суворовский пр., д.63а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustam R. Kasimov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1552-8447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федоров Кирилл Сергеевич — кандидат медицинских наук, подполковник медицинской службы, начальник отдела </p><p>Кубинка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill S. Fedorov</p><p>Kubinka</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fedorovks2022@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6497-1429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцев</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltsev</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усольцев Евгений Александрович — подполковник медицинской службы, начальник центра анестезиологии реанимации, реанимации и  интенсивной терапии (на 15 коек), главный  анестезиолог-реаниматолог </p><p>191124, Санкт-Петербург, Суворовский пр., д.63а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy A. Usoltsev</p><p>St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ev.sanych@ya.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9572-6802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ершов Евгений Николаевич — кандидат медицинских наук, преподаватель кафедры военной анестезиологии и реаниматологии </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy N. Ershov</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ershov.en@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3634-2063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимов</surname><given-names>Р. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimov</surname><given-names>R. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анисимов Роман Павлович — майор медицинской службы, начальник учебно-методического отдела</p><p>Кубинка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman P. Anisimov </p><p>Kubinka</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4023-1465</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мирошниченко</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Miroshnichenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мирошниченко Эльдар Александрович — лейтенант медицинской службы, специалист учебно-методического отдела</p><p>Кубинка</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eldar A. Miroshnichenko</p><p>Kubinka</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>442 Военный клинический госпиталь</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>442 Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Межведомственный учебный центр переподготовки и квалификации офицерского состава</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Interdepartmental Training Center for Retraining and Qualification of Officers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цыганков А.Е., Касимов Р.Р., Федоров К.С., Усольцев Е.А., Ершов Е.Н., Анисимов Р.П., Мирошниченко Э.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цыганков А.Е., Касимов Р.Р., Федоров К.С., Усольцев Е.А., Ершов Е.Н., Анисимов Р.П., Мирошниченко Э.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsygankov A.E., Kasimov R.R., Fedorov K.S., Usoltsev E.A., Ershov E.N., Anisimov R.P., Miroshnichenko E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1066">https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1066</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Своевременное введение компонентов крови (КК) способно существенно повлиять исход при геморрагическом шоке. В современной экстренной медицине все чаще возникает вопрос о необходимости переливания КК уже на догоспитальном этапе (ДГЭ). Однако стандартные способы доступа к венозному руслу не всегда позволяют эффективно решить данную задачу. Пропускная способность периферических и костных катетеров ограничена, что затрудняет быстрое введение «вязких» КК. Цель исследования: обосновать выбор оптимального венозного доступа на ДГЭ в военно-полевой и экстренной медицине для проведения массивной инфузионно-трансфузионной терапии, для чего провести обзор литературы по мировому опыту, рассмотреть показания, противопоказания и риски при использовании катетеризации центральной вены на ДГЭ. Материалы и методы. Проведен обзор источников литературы по ключевым словам за последние 10 лет по базам данных eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, Google Scholar, найдено 1586 ссылок, отобрано 25 источников, из которых в полной мере поставленным задачам соответствовало 4. Результаты. Оптимальным решением является катетеризация центральной вены, обеспечивающая прямой доступ к венозному руслу большего диаметра и позволяющая вводить КК с высокой скоростью. Применение ультразвуковой навигации снижает риски при пункции и катетеризации центральной вены, повышает точность манипуляции и уменьшает вероятность осложнений, что обосновывает выполнение данной процедуры на ДГЭ даже в сложных условиях. Заключение. Ключевыми факторами успеха при этом остаются квалификация медицинского персонала, условия выполнения манипуляции и уровень материально-технического оснащения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Administration of blood products components therapy can significantly affect the outcome of hemorrhagic shock. In modern emergency medicine, the question of the need transfusion already at the prehospital stage is increasingly being raised. However, standard methods of access to the venous bed do not always allow us to effectively solve this problem. The capacity of peripheral and bone catheters is limited, which makes it difficult to quickly introduce «viscous» blood products.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the choice of optimal venous access for prehospital stage in military field and emergency medicine for massive infusion and transfusion therapy, for which purpose to review the literature on international experience, to consider indications, contraindications and risks when using central vein catheterization for prehospital stage. Materials and methods. A review of literary sources on keywords over the past 10 years has been conducted using databases eLibrary RU, PubMed and Google Scholar, 1286 sources were found, 24 sources were selected, of which 4 fully corresponded to the tasks set.Results. The optimal solution is to central vein catheterization, which provides direct access to a larger diameter venous channel and allows for high-speed injection of blood products. The use of ultrasound navigation reduces the risks of central vein puncture and catheterization, increases the accuracy of manipulation and reduces the likelihood of complications, which justifies performing this procedure on prehospital stage even in difficult conditions.Conclusion. Key factors determining success remain personnel qualification, environmental conditions, and the availability of appropriate equipment and logistical support.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шок</kwd><kwd>катетеризация центральной вены</kwd><kwd>догоспитальная помощь</kwd><kwd>гемотрансфузия</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая навигация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shock</kwd><kwd>central venous catheterization</kwd><kwd>prehospital care</kwd><kwd>blood transfusion</kwd><kwd>ultrasonic guidance procedure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qasim Z.A., Joseph B. Intraosseous access in the resuscitation of patients with trauma: the good, the bad, the future // Trauma Surg. Acute Care Open. 2024. Vol. 9 (Suppl. 2). e001369.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qasim Z.A., Joseph B. 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