<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Скорая медицинская помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Northwest State Medical University named after II Mechnikov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2072-6716-2026-27-2-92-97</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smp-1076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экстренная медицинская помощь на догоспитальном этапе при острых пероральных отравлениях у детей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency medical care in the prehospital setting for acute oral poisoning in children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быков Юрий Витальевич — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО </p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Yuri V. Bykov </p><p> Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yubykov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9990-7272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обедин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Оbedin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Обедин Александр Николаевич — доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexander N. Оbedin</p><p> Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volander@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-5101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинченко Олег Васильевич — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО </p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Оleg V. Zinchenko </p><p> Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regionar2008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-8581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцук</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яцук Иван Викторович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом </p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Yatsuk </p><p> Stavropol </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-6930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vоlkov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волков Евгений Владимирович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологиии реаниматологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>55017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д.310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Evgeny V. Vоlkov </p><p> Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkov26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-1613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фишер</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fischer</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фишер Василий Владимирович — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологиии реаниматологии с курсом ДПО</p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д.310 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy V. Fischer </p><p> Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvfisher26@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Зинченко О.В., Яцук И.В., Волков Е.В., Фишер В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Зинченко О.В., Яцук И.В., Волков Е.В., Фишер В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykov Y.V., Оbedin A.N., Zinchenko O.V., Yatsuk I.V., Vоlkov E.V., Fischer V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1076">https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/1076</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Провести обзор современных отечественных и зарубежных данных по диагностике и оказанию неотложной помощи детям с острыми пероральными отравлениями на догоспитальном этапе. Материалы и методы. Проанализированы 22 источника, включая клинические рекомендации, исследования и обзоры последних лет, с акцентом на раннюю диагностику и терапию интоксикаций до поступления в стационар. Результаты. Острые интоксикации у детей остаются значимой причиной смертности, особенно у детей до пяти лет и подростков с преднамеренными отравлениями. На догоспитальном этапе ключевыми являются сбор анамнеза, распознавание токсидромов, стабилизация жизненно важных функций, деконтаминация желудочно-кишечного тракта (промывание желудка, активированный уголь), начало инфузионной терапии и при необходимости — введение антидотов. Заключение. Владение алгоритмами неотложной помощи при острых отравлениях у детей существенно снижает частоту осложнений и риск летального исхода, что делает полученные данные важными для врачей скорой помощи и детских анестезиологов-реаниматологов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. To review current national and international data on the diagnosis and emergency management of acute oral poisoning in children in the prehospital setting. Materials and Methods. 22 sources were analyzed, including clinical guidelines, original studies, and recent reviews, with a focus on early diagnostic strategies and therapeutic approaches prior to hospital admission. Results. Acute poisonings remain a significant cause of mortality in children, particularly among those under five years of age and adolescents with intentional intoxications. Key priorities in the prehospital phase include history taking, recognition of toxidromes, stabilization of vital functions, gastrointestinal decontamination (gastric lavage, activated charcoal), initiation of infusion therapy, and, when indicated, administration of antidotes. Conclusion. Proficiency in emergency care algorithms for acute pediatric poisonings substantially reduces complications and mortality risk, underscoring the practical relevance of these data for emergency medical service physicians and pediatric anesthesiologists-intensivists.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острые отравления</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>догоспитальный этап</kwd><kwd>неотложная помощь</kwd><kwd>токсидромы</kwd><kwd>антидоты</kwd><kwd>активированный уголь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute poisoning</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>prehospital care</kwd><kwd>emergency management</kwd><kwd>toxidromes</kwd><kwd>antidotes</kwd><kwd>activated charcoal</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corlade-Andrei M., Nedelea P. L., Ionescu T. D. et al. Pediatric Emergency Department Management in Acute Poisoning-A 2-Year Retrospective Study // J. Pers. Med. 2023. Vol. 13, No. 1. P. 106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corlade-Andrei M., Nedelea P. L., Ionescu T. D. et al. Pediatric Emergency Department Management in Acute Poisoning-A 2-Year Retrospective Study // J. Pers. Med. 2023. Vol. 13, No. 1. P. 106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Нарзикулов Р.А., Лодягин А.Н., Батоцыренов Б.В. и др. Острое отравление метанолом // Скорая медицинская помощь. 2024. Т. 25, № 2. С. 75–81.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Narzikulov R. A., Lodyagin A. N., Batotsyrenov B. V. et al. Acute methanol poisoning. Emergency Medical Care, 2024, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 75–81 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hon K.L., Hui W.F., Leung A. Antidotes for childhood toxidromes // Drugs Context. 2021. Vol. 10. P. 1–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hon K.L., Hui W.F., Leung A. Antidotes for childhood toxidromes // Drugs Context. 2021. Vol. 10. P. 1–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Di Sarno L., Pansini V., Caroselli A. et al. Acute Poisoning in Children Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department: An Epidemiologic Study and the Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic // Medicina (Kaunas). 2025. Vol. 61. No. 9. P. 1507.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Di Sarno L., Pansini V., Caroselli A. et al. Acute Poisoning in Children Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department: An Epidemiologic Study and the Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic // Medicina (Kaunas). 2025. Vol. 61. No. 9. P. 1507.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pompili M., Serafini G., Innamorati M. et al. Substance abuse and suicide risk among adolescents // Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2012. Vol. 262. P. 469–485.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pompili M., Serafini G., Innamorati M. et al. Substance abuse and suicide risk among adolescents // Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 2012. Vol. 262. P. 469–485.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Darvishi N., Farhadi M., Haghtalab T. et al. Alcohol-related risk of suicidal ideation suicide attempt, and completed suicide: A meta-analysis // PLoS ONE. 2015. Vol. 10. P. e0126870.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darvishi N., Farhadi M., Haghtalab T. et al. Alcohol-related risk of suicidal ideation suicide attempt, and completed suicide: A meta-analysis // PLoS ONE. 2015. Vol. 10. P. e0126870.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan M., Solomon F., Izu A. et al. The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa // Front Public Health. 2023. Vol. 11. P. 1279036.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan M., Solomon F., Izu A. et al. The burden of poisoning in children hospitalised at a tertiary-level hospital in South Africa // Front Public Health. 2023. Vol. 11. P. 1279036.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang L., Liu S., Wang Y. Acute poisoning in children in Chengdu, China: a retrospective study (2019–2022) // Discover Medicine. 2024. Vol. 1. No. 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang L., Liu S., Wang Y. Acute poisoning in children in Chengdu, China: a retrospective study (2019–2022) // Discover Medicine. 2024. Vol. 1. No. 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaswa R. An approach to the management of acute poisoning in emergency settings // S. Afr. Fam. Pract. 2024. Vol. 66. No. 1. P. 5841.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaswa R. An approach to the management of acute poisoning in emergency settings // S. Afr. Fam. Pract. 2024. Vol. 66. No. 1. P. 5841.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shannon I.W., Borron S. W., Burns M. J. Emergency Management of Poisoning // Haddad and Winchester’s Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 2020. P. 13–61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shannon I.W., Borron S. W., Burns M. J. Emergency Management of Poisoning // Haddad and Winchester’s Clinical Management of Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 2020. P. 13–61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ghannoum M., Roberts D. M. Management of Poisonings and Intoxications // Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2023. Vol. 18. No. 9. P. 1210–1221.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ghannoum M., Roberts D. M. Management of Poisonings and Intoxications // Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 2023. Vol. 18. No. 9. P. 1210–1221.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Calello D.P., Henretig F.M. Pediatric toxicology: specialized approach to the poisoned child // Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 2014. Vol. 32 (1). Р. 29–52.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Calello D.P., Henretig F.M. Pediatric toxicology: specialized approach to the poisoned child // Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 2014. Vol. 32 (1). Р. 29–52.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранов А.А., Багненко С. Ф., Намазова-Баранова Л. С. и др. Федеральные клинические рекомендации по оказанию скорой медицинской помощи при острых отравлениях у детей. Москва, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranov A. A., Bagnenko S. F., Namazova-Baranova L. S. et al. Federal clinical guidelines for emergency medical care in acute poisoning in children. Moscow, 2015. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранов А.А., Багненко С.Ф., Намазова-Баранова Л.Р. и др. Клинические рекомендации по оказанию скорой медицинской помощи при острых отравлениях у детей // Педиатрическая фармакология. 2015. Т. 12, № 6. С. 657–667.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranov A.A., Bagnenko S.F., Namazova-Baranova L.R. et al. Clinical guidelines for emergency medical care in acute poisoning in children. Pediatric Pharmacology, 2015, Vol. 12, No. 6, pp. 657–667 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Фишер В.В. и др. Особенности интенсивной терапии при отравлении салицилатами в детском возрасте // Вестник Авиценны. 2024. Т. 26, № 4. С. 630–639.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bykov Yu.V., Obidin A. N., Fisher V.V. et al. Features of intensive therapy for salicylate poisoning in childhood. Avicenna’s Bulletin, 2024, Vol. 26, No. 4, pp. 630–639 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Фишер В.В. и др. Передозировка ацетаминофеном в практике интенсивной терапии: патофизиологические механизмы и методы лечения // Уральский медицинский журнал, 2025, Т. 24, № 2. С. 147–169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bykov Yu.V., Obidin A. N., Fisher V. V. et al. Acetaminophen overdose in intensive care practice: pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment methods. Ural Medical Journal. 2025. Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 147–169 (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanhan U. S. The poisoned child in the pediatric intensive care unit // Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008. Vol. 55, No. 3. P. 669–686.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanhan U. S. The poisoned child in the pediatric intensive care unit // Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008. Vol. 55, No. 3. P. 669–686.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Багненко С.Ф., Петриков С. С., Миннуллин И. П. и др. Скорая медицинская помощь: национальное руководство. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2025. 1032 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bagnenko S. F., Petrikov S. S., Minnullin I.P. et al. Emergency Medical Care: National Guideline. 2nd ed., revised and supplemented. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2025. 1032 p. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goga R., De Vasconcellos K., Singh D. Acute poisonings presenting to King Edward VIII hospital intensive care unit in Durban, South Africa // S. Afr. J. Crit. Care. 2021. Vol. 37. No. 1. P. 10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goga R., De Vasconcellos K., Singh D. Acute poisonings presenting to King Edward VIII hospital intensive care unit in Durban, South Africa // S. Afr. J. Crit. Care. 2021. Vol. 37. No. 1. P. 10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bryant S., Singer J. Management of toxic exposure in children // Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 2003. Vol. 21. No. 1. P. 101–19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bryant S., Singer J. Management of toxic exposure in children // Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. 2003. Vol. 21. No. 1. P. 101–19.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chandran J. Initial management of poisoned patient // Indian J. Crit Care Med. 2019. Vol. 23, No. S. P. 234–240.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chandran J. Initial management of poisoned patient // Indian J. Crit Care Med. 2019. Vol. 23, No. S. P. 234–240.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al Jumaan M.A. The Role of Activated Charcoal in Prehospital Care // Med. Arch. 2023. Vol. 77, No. 1. P. 64–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al Jumaan M.A. The Role of Activated Charcoal in Prehospital Care // Med. Arch. 2023. Vol. 77, No. 1. P. 64–69.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
