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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Скорая медицинская помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Northwest State Medical University named after II Mechnikov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2072-6716-2025-26-3-45-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smp-950</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ В ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫХ СИТУАЦИЯХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SAFETY IN EMERGENCIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления о травматическом шоке: этиология, патогенез, клиника, диагностика на догоспитальном этапе в повседневных условиях и при возникновении чрезвычайных ситуаций</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern concepts of traumatic shock: etiology, pathogenesis, clinics, diagnostics at the prehospital stage in everyday conditions and in case of emergency situations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4139-7609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гудков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gudkov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гудков Сергей Андреевич — кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий кабинетом трансфузиологии, врач анестезиолог-реаниматолог</p><p>163051, г. Архангельск, Троицкий пр., д. 115</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Gudkov</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.gudkof@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8792-5847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихонова Елена Васильевна — кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры патологической физиологии</p><p>163000, г. Архангельск, Троицкий пр., д.51</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tikhonova Elena Vasilyevna</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tiholog@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1573-5475</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисов</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisov</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисов Дмитрий Борисович — доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением анестезиологии-реаниматологии </p><p>163051, г. Архангельск, Троицкий пр., д.115</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry B. Borisov</p><p>Arkhangelsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bor_d@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный медицинский клинический центр им. Н. А. Семашко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. A. Semashko Northern Medical Clinical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Northern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северный медицинский клинический центр им. Н. А. Семашко; Северный государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. A. Semashko Northern Medical Clinical Center; Northern State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гудков С.А., Тихонова Е.В., Борисов Д.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гудков С.А., Тихонова Е.В., Борисов Д.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gudkov S.A., Tikhonova E.V., Borisov D.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/950">https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/950</self-uri><abstract><p>Для медицинского персонала, оказывающего скорую медицинскую помощь, особенно на догоспитальном этапе, пострадавшим с тяжелой шокогенной травмой, теоретические и практические вопросы патогенеза, клиники и диагностики травматического шока (ТШ) имеют первостепенное значение как в условиях повседневной деятельности, так и при возникновении чрезвычайных ситуаций (ЧС). Цель: представить обзор литературы по проблеме этиологии, патогенеза, клиники и диагностики травматического шока в догоспитальном периоде, в том числе в условиях ЧС. Материалы и методы исследования. Проведен анализ 23 отечественных и зарубежных источников, опубликованных в базах данных eLibrary, КиберЛенинка, PubMed/Medline, Medical Planet за период с 1999 по 2024 г. Результаты исследования. Установлено, что среди пострадавших доля лиц, получающих травмы, сопровождающиеся шоком (шокогенные травмы), составляет около 2%, а при возникновении различных катастроф и ЧС до 20%. При этом летальность, по разным оценкам, может составлять от 35 до 40%, а при политравмах, сопровождающихся шоком, может превышать 50%. Важнейший пусковой механизм ТШ — острая кровопотеря, которая может быть видимой (кровотечение из раны) и скрытой (при переломах таза и длинных трубчатых костей). Острая кровопотеря приводит к снижению объема циркулирующей крови, который запускает сложный каскад ответных реакций. Диагностика ТШ основана на особенностях его патогенеза и направлена на выявление гемодинамических, гемореологических, гипоксических и метаболических нарушений в организме пострадавшего. Для установления большинства нарушений требуются специальные методы оценки, которые доступны только на госпитальном этапе. На догоспитальном этапе возможности диагностики ТШ ограничены. Заключение. Результаты обзора показывают, что проблема ТШ является актуальной и продолжает привлекать внимание исследователей. В рамках теоретических аспектов продолжаются исследования, направленные на установление новых патофизиологических механизмов возникновения ТШ. Клинические исследования направлены на решение многочисленных задач по коррекции имеющихся нарушений у пациентов с ТШ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The theoretical and practical issues of pathogenesis, clinic and diagnosis of traumatic shock are of paramount importance for medical personnel providing emergency medical care, especially at the prehospitalstage to victims with severe shock trauma, both in daily activities and in emergency situations. Purpose.Review and systematization of publication in scientific medical literature devoted on the problem of etiology, pathogenesis, clinic and diagnosis of traumatic shock outside the hospital organization, including inemergency conditions. Materials and methods. The analysis of 23 domestic and foreign materials publishedin the databases eLibrary, CyberLeninka, PubMed/Medline, and Medical Planet was carried out. The searchfor scientific publications was conducted from 1999 to 2024. Results. When analyzing the literature sources, it was found that among the injured, the proportion of people receiving injuries accompanied by shock(shockogenic injuries) is about 2%, and in the event of various disasters up to 20%. At the same time, themortality rate for polytrauma accompanied by shock may exceed 50%. The main cause of traumatic shockin victims is combined injuries. The most important trigger mechanism of traumatic shock is acute bloodloss, which can be visible and hidden. Acute blood loss leads to a decrease in the volume of circulatingblood, which triggers a complex cascade of responses: a decrease in venous return and cardiac output, hypoperfusion of organs and tissues, numerous metabolic disorders. The diagnosis of traumatic shock is basedon the features of its pathogenesis and is aimed at identifying hemodynamic, hemorheological, and metabolic disorders in the body of the victim. The identification of most violations requires special assessmentmethods that are available only at the hospital stage. At the prehospital stage, the possibilities of diagnosingtraumatic shock are limited. Conclusion. The results of the reviews show how that the problem of traumatic shock is relevant and continues to attract the attention of researchers. Within the framework of theoretical aspects, research is continuing aimed at establishing new pathophysiological mechanisms of traumaticshock. Clinical studies are aimed at solving numerous problems of correcting existing disorders in patientswith traumatic shock.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травма</kwd><kwd>шок</kwd><kwd>патогенез</kwd><kwd>клиника</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>догоспитальный этап</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trauma</kwd><kwd>shock</kwd><kwd>pathogenesis</kwd><kwd>clinic</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>prehospital stage</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зуев С.Г., Кузьмин А. Г., Савин Я. А. Структура госпитальной летальности при шокогенной травме // Скорая медицинская помощь: сб. тез. всерос. науч.-практ. конф. СПб., 2013. 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