<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">smp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Скорая медицинская помощь</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-6716</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Northwest State Medical University named after II Mechnikov</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/2072-6716-2025-26-4-91-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">smp-988</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушения ритма сердца у детей на догоспитальном этапе: тактика неотложной помощи. Обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prehospital management of cardiac arrhythmias in children: emergency care strategies —  a review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-3823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быков</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykov</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быков Юрий Витальевич —  кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО ; врач анестезиолог- реаниматолог</p><p> 355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri V. Bykov</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yubykov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9990-7272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обедин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Оbedin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Обедин Александр Николаевич —  доктор медицинских наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО; заместитель главного врача по педиатрической помощи </p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аlexander N. Оbedin</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volander@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4729-5101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>О. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинченко Олег Васильевич —  кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО</p><p> 355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Оleg V. Zinchenko</p><p>Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regionar2008@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5482-8581</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцук</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsuk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яцук Иван Викторович —  кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО ; заведующий отделения анестезиологии и реанимации № 1</p><p> 355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Yatsuk</p><p>Stavropol </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yatsukiv@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9841-6930</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vоlkov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Волков Евгений Владимирович —  кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО ; заведующий отделением анестезиологии и реанимации № 1</p><p> 355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Vоlkov</p><p>Stavropol </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volkov26@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-1613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фишер</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fischer</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фишер Василий Владимирович —  кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии с курсом ДПО; заместитель главного врача по медицинской части </p><p>355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, д. 310</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy V. Fischer</p><p>Stavropol</p><p>Mikhailovsk</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvfisher26@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Краевая детская клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; Children’s Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Клинический перинатальный центр»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; Regional Clinical Perinatal Center No. 1</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Городская клиническая больница скорой медицинской помощи» города Ставрополя</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Ставропольская краевая клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ СК «Шпаковская районная больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Medical University; Shpakovskaya District Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Зинченко О.В., Яцук И.В., Волков Е.В., Фишер В.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Быков Ю.В., Обедин А.Н., Зинченко О.В., Яцук И.В., Волков Е.В., Фишер В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bykov Y.V., Оbedin A.N., Zinchenko О.V., Yatsuk I.V., Vоlkov E.V., Fischer V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/988">https://smp.spb.ru/jour/article/view/988</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель: провести обзор актуальных отечественных и зарубежных источников по вопросам диагностики и оказания неотложной помощи детям с нарушениями сердечного ритма на догоспитальном этапе. Материалы и методы. Выполнен анализ 21 источника литературы, включая клинические рекомендации, исследования и обзоры, опубликованные за последние годы, с фокусом на догоспитальную тактику ведения аритмий у детей. Результаты. Нарушения ритма сердца у детей могут представлять угрозу жизни, особенно при наличии гемодинамической нестабильности. На догоспитальном этапе важно быстро провести клинико- инструментальную диагностику, классифицировать тип аритмии и начать своевременную терапию. Эффективными методами являются вагусные пробы, введение аденозина, атропина, эпинефрина, а также синхронизированная кардиоверсия и дефибрилляция по показаниям. Заключение. Знание алгоритмов диагностики и лечения аритмий у детей на догоспитальном этапе позволяет существенно повысить выживаемость и снизить риск осложнений. Полученные данные представляют практический интерес для врачей скорой медицинской помощи и детских реаниматологов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective: to review current national and international literature on the diagnosis and emergency management of pediatric arrhythmias in the prehospital setting. Materials and methods. An analysis of 21 literary sources was conducted, including clinical guidelines, studies, and reviews published in recent years, with a focus on prehospital strategies for managing arrhythmias in children. Results. Cardiac rhythm disturbances in children can be life-threatening, especially in the presence of hemodynamic instability. In the prehospital phase, it is crucial to rapidly perform clinical and instrumental diagnostics, classify the type of arrhythmia, and initiate timely treatment. Effective methods include vagal maneuvers, administration of adenosine, atropine, epinephrine, as well as synchronized cardioversion and defibrillation when indicated. Conclusion. Knowledge of diagnostic and treatment algorithms for pediatric arrhythmias in the prehospital setting significantly improves survival rates and reduces the risk of complications. The findings are of practical relevance for emergency medical service physicians and pediatric intensivists.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аритмии</kwd><kwd>тахикардия</kwd><kwd>брадикардия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>догоспитальный этап</kwd><kwd>неотложная  помощь</kwd><kwd>кардиоверсия</kwd><kwd>аденозин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arrhythmias</kwd><kwd>tachycardia</kwd><kwd>bradycardia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>prehospital care</kwd><kwd>emergency  management</kwd><kwd>cardioversion</kwd><kwd>adenosine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lipiński P.K., Wirtgen A., Błaszczyk B. et al. Arrhythmias Occurring in Children during HEMS Intervention: A Retrospective Cohort Study // Biomed. Res. Int. 2023. Vol. 2023. P. 2974648.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lipiński P.K., Wirtgen A., Błaszczyk B. et al. Arrhythmias Occurring in Children during HEMS Intervention: A Retrospective Cohort Study // Biomed. Res. Int. 2023. Vol. 2023. P. 2974648.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cepeda- Nieto A.C., de Соrason J. R.-A., Martínez- López J. et al. Pediatric arrhythmias: a comprehensive integrative review, symptom- based conceptual framework, and practical care guide // Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. 2025. Vol. 82, No. 2. P. 67–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cepeda- Nieto A.C., de Соrason J. R.-A., Martínez- López J. et al. Pediatric arrhythmias: a comprehensive integrative review, symptom- based conceptual framework, and practical care guide // Bol. Med. Hosp. Infant. Mex. 2025. Vol. 82, No. 2. P. 67–97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brugada J., Blom N., Sarquella- Brugada G. et al. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy for arrhythmias in the pediatric population: EHRA and AEPC-Arrhythmia Working Group joint consensus statement // Europace. 2013. Vol. 15, No. 9. P. 1337–1382.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brugada J., Blom N., Sarquella- Brugada G. et al. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy for arrhythmias in the pediatric population: EHRA and AEPC-Arrhythmia Working Group joint consensus statement // Europace. 2013. Vol. 15, No. 9. P. 1337–1382.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanna A., Crowe R. P., Fishe J. N. Pediatric bradycardia is undertreated in the prehospital setting: a retrospective multi- agency analysis // Prehosp. Emerg. Care. 2023. Vol. 27. No. 1. P. 101–106.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanna A., Crowe R. P., Fishe J. N. Pediatric bradycardia is undertreated in the prehospital setting: a retrospective multi- agency analysis // Prehosp. Emerg. Care. 2023. Vol. 27. No. 1. P. 101–106.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanash C.R., Crosson J. E. Emergency diagnosis and management of pediatric arrhythmias // J. Emerg. Trauma Shock. 2010. Vol. 3, No. 3. P. 251–260.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanash C.R., Crosson J. E. Emergency diagnosis and management of pediatric arrhythmias // J. Emerg. Trauma Shock. 2010. Vol. 3, No. 3. P. 251–260.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Topjian A.A., Raymond T. T., Atkins D. et al. Part 4: Pediatric basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care // Circulation. 2020. Vol. 142. No. 16. P. S469–S523.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Topjian A.A., Raymond T. T., Atkins D. et al. Part 4: Pediatric basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care // Circulation. 2020. Vol. 142. No. 16. P. S469–S523.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Van de Voorde P., Turner N. M., Djakow J. et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: paediatric life support // Resuscitation. 2021. Vol. 161. P. 327–387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Van de Voorde P., Turner N. M., Djakow J. et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: paediatric life support // Resuscitation. 2021. Vol. 161. P. 327–387.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong M., Matsuyama T., Iwami T. et al. Pre-hospital administration of epinephrine in pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest // J. Am. Coll Cardiol. 2020. Vol. 75, No. 2. P. 194–204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong M., Matsuyama T., Iwami T. et al. Pre-hospital administration of epinephrine in pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest // J. Am. Coll Cardiol. 2020. Vol. 75, No. 2. P. 194–204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matsuyama T., Iwami T., Kitamura T. et al. Impact of prehospital epinephrine administration on neurological outcomes in pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest // Front Pediatr. 2021. Vol. 9. P. 723327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matsuyama T., Iwami T., Kitamura T. et al. Impact of prehospital epinephrine administration on neurological outcomes in pediatric patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest // Front Pediatr. 2021. Vol. 9. P. 723327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ковалев И.А., Хамнагадаев И. А., Свинцова Л. И. и др. Суправентрикулярные (наджелудочковые) тахикардии у детей // Педиатрическая фармакология. 2019. № 3. С. 133–143.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalyov I. A., Khamnagadayev I. A., Svintsova L. I. et al. Supraventricular (atrial) tachycardias in children. Pediatric Pharmacology, 2019, No. 3, pp. 133–143 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kafalı H.C., Ergül Y. Common supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in children // Turk. Arch. Pediatr. 2022. Vol. 57, No. 5. P. 476–488.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kafalı H.C., Ergül Y. Common supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in children // Turk. Arch. Pediatr. 2022. Vol. 57, No. 5. P. 476–488.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuntz M.T., Eagle S. S., Dalal A. et al. What an anesthesiologist should know about pediatric arrhythmias // Paediatr. Anaesth. 2024. Vol. 34, No. 12. P. 1187–1199.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuntz M.T., Eagle S. S., Dalal A. et al. What an anesthesiologist should know about pediatric arrhythmias // Paediatr. Anaesth. 2024. Vol. 34, No. 12. P. 1187–1199.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foth C., Gangwani M. K., Ahmed I. et al. Ventricular tachycardia // StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foth C., Gangwani M. K., Ahmed I. et al. Ventricular tachycardia // StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desai D.S., Hajouli S. Arrhythmias // StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Desai D.S., Hajouli S. Arrhythmias // StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Assaad I.E., Hammond B. H., Kost L. D. et al. Management and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in 241 healthy children and young adults: revisiting «lone» atrial fibrillation. A multi- institutional PACES collaborative study // Heart Rhythm. 2021. Vol. 18, No. 11. P. 1815–1822.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Assaad I.E., Hammond B. H., Kost L. D. et al. Management and outcomes of atrial fibrillation in 241 healthy children and young adults: revisiting «lone» atrial fibrillation. A multi- institutional PACES collaborative study // Heart Rhythm. 2021. Vol. 18, No. 11. P. 1815–1822.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rohit M., Kasinadhun G. Management of arrhythmias in pediatric emergency // Indian J Pediatr. 2020. Vol. 87, No. 4. P. 295–304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rohit M., Kasinadhun G. Management of arrhythmias in pediatric emergency // Indian J Pediatr. 2020. Vol. 87, No. 4. P. 295–304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clausen H., Theophilos T., Jackno K. et al. Paediatric arrhythmias in the emergency department // Emerg. Med. J. 2012. Vol. 29, No. 9. P. 732–737.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clausen H., Theophilos T., Jackno K. et al. Paediatric arrhythmias in the emergency department // Emerg. Med. J. 2012. Vol. 29, No. 9. P. 732–737.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith J., Doe A., Roe M. An evaluation of prehospital adenosine use // Prehosp. Emerg. Care. 2022. Vol. 24, No. 1. P. 94–99.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Smith J., Doe A., Roe M. An evaluation of prehospital adenosine use // Prehosp. Emerg. Care. 2022. Vol. 24, No. 1. P. 94–99.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fishberger S.B., Hannan R. L., Welch E. M. Amiodarone for pediatric resuscitation: a word of caution // Pediatr. Cardiol. 2009. Vol. 30. P. 1006–1008.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fishberger S.B., Hannan R. L., Welch E. M. Amiodarone for pediatric resuscitation: a word of caution // Pediatr. Cardiol. 2009. Vol. 30. P. 1006–1008.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Верткин А.Л., Алексанян Л. А., Балабанова М. В. и др. Неотложная медицинская помощь на догоспитальном этапе. М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа, 2019. 544 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vjortkin A. L., Aleksanyan L. A., Balabanova M. V. et al. Emergency medical care in the prehospital setting. Moscow: Publishing house GEOTAR-Media, 2019. 544 pp. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelly P., Johnson M., Lee A. et al. The effect of transport on quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation // Resuscitation. 2009. Vol. 80, No. 1. P. 80–85.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelly P., Johnson M., Lee A. et al. The effect of transport on quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation // Resuscitation. 2009. Vol. 80, No. 1. P. 80–85.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
