Features of providing emergency medical care at the prehospital stage for road traffic injuries on the section of the regional highway

The article presents a description of the victims and an analysis of the provision of emergency medical care to victims of road accidents that occurred on the regional highways of the Sukhobuzimsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The aim of the study was to analyze road traffic injuries in the Sukhobuzimsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, the volume and quality of emergency medical care provided at the pre-hospital stage. Materials and methods of the study. According to the criteria for describing a series of cases, a retrospective analysis of the medical documents of 108 victims of road accidents in the Sukhobuzimsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, who were injured in various degrees of severity, was carried out. The call cards (registration form No. 110/u) for road accidents of the Department of the NSR of the Sukhobuzimskaya RB KGB were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were: male and female gender; age 18 years and older; the presence of a traffic injury resulting from an accident on the roads of the Sukhobuzimsky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Results. It is established that the structure of road accidents that occurred on the territory of the Sukhobuzimsky district is not quite typical for the territory of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Russian Federation as a whole. Most of the accidents that occurred in the Sukhobuzimsky district occurred in the spring and summer period, which is directly related to the increase in the number of cars on the roads and increased activity of both drivers and pedestrians during the warmer months. The accidents that occurred in the study area are mostly related to car collisions, with pedestrian collisions in second place; motorcycle injuries account for the rest. Having studied the characteristics of those injured in road accidents in the Sukhobuzimsky district, it should be noted that the majority (68.4%) of those injured in road accidents are men aged 35.9±2.23 years with alcohol in their blood (64.5%), a significant part of whom had polytrauma (15.3%), which was accompanied by shock in 70.5%. In the group of victims with polytrauma and shock phenomena of varying severity, participants in accidents that occurred on the highway of regional significance accounted for 53.3% and 45.5%, respectively. The above illustrates the fact that accidents occurring on the Yenisei Tract regional highway are characterized by a large number of victims and the severity of their injuries, which correlates with the intensity of the traffic flow on the highway. Conclusion. Assessing the volume of emergency medical care provided at the prehospital stage to victims of road accidents in the district, it was revealed that the standard time for NSR teams to reach the victims did not match, an inadequate choice of analgesic was determined, taking into account the severity of the victim’s condition, the choice of dosage and route of its administration, a limited approach to the use of infusion therapy, oxygen therapy, GCS and sedation was identified. It is necessary to strengthen postgraduate education in emergency medical care for victims of road accidents.

1. Bagnenko S. F., Minnullin I. P., Chikin A. E. et al. Improving medical care for victims of road accidents. Bulletin of Roszdravnadzor, 2013, No. 5, pp. 25–30 (In Russ.)]. EDN RUPCPZ.

2. Teplov V. M., Cebrovskaya E. A., Alimov R. R. et al. Comparative analysis of the results of modeling a three- level emergency medical care system in the subjects of the Russian Federation. Emergency medical care, 2020, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 4–10 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.24884/2072-6716-2020-21-4-4-10. EDN POKKRC.

3. Kasimov R. R., Makhnovsky A. I., Zavrazhnov A. A. et al. Criteria for choosing the method of interhospital transportation of patients with severe trauma Emergency medical care, 2021, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 12-17 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.24884/2072-6716-2021-22-4-12-17. EDN KUKELZ.

4. Baranova N. N., Goncharov S. F. The current state of the problem of organizing and conducting medical evacuation of victims in emergency situations. Disaster Medicine, 2020, No. 4, pp. 57–65 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2020-4-57-65. EDN HPDDLJ.

5. Goncharov S. F., Baranov A. V. Emergency medical care for victims of road accidents on the federal highway M-8 «Kholmogory» in the Arkhangelsk region. Disaster Medicine, 2020, No. 3, pp. 42–46 (In Russ.)]. doi: 10.33266/2070-1004-2020-3-42-46. EDN CZSSDA.

6. Akhmyarov R. S. Issues of criminal violation of traffic rules. Transport law and safety, 2018, No. 3 (27), рp. 92–98 (In Russ.)]. EDN YNRYDZ.

7. Boronina V. S., Linnik T. M., Naumov S. B., Shestikov N. A. Road traffic accidents in the Russian Federation for 12 months of 2019: An information and analytical review / еd. by D. V. Mitroshin. Moscow: Scientific Center for Road Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, 2020. 21 p. (In Russ.)]. EDN HMEIXY.

8. Information on road safety indicators. Online resource. http://www.gibdd.ru/stat/ (In Russ.).

9. Demakhina E. S., Pogotovkina N. S., Nikitin E. A., Parkhomenko V. A. Socio-economic consequences of accidents on highways in the Russian Federation. Quality and life, 2018, No. 3 (19), рp. 61-64 (In Russ.)]. EDN YLHTVZ.

10. Consunji R.J., Serrato J. P.M.M., Maddumba J. R.A. et al. A profile of deaths among trauma patients in a university hospital: the Philippine experiencedoi: 10.5249/jivr.v3i2.39 // Journal of injury and violence research. 2011. Vol. 3, No. 2. P. 85–89.

11. Cevik E., Cinar O., Salman N. et al.Comparing the efficacy of intravenous tenoxicam, lornoxicam, and dexketoprofen trometamol for the treatment of renal colic. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2011.12.010 // Amer. J. Еmerg. Med. 2012. Vol. 30, No. 8. P. 1486–1490.