Аspiration syndrome: specific issues of diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

Тhe article proposes a treatment regimen for patients depending on the severity of aspiration syndrome, according to the previously developed and clinically validated scale for assessing the severity of aspiration syndrome. The aim of this work was to improve the results of diagnosis and treatment of patients with aspiration syndrome. The material for the implementation of this goal was the results of examination and treatment of 102 patients hospitalized in the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution «City Hospital of the Holy Martyr Elizabeth» with a diagnosis of «Aspiration Syndrome» from 2020 to 2023. The percentage of complications of aspiration syndrome in patients of the main group (n=49), compared with the percentage of complications in patients of the control group (n=53), decreased by 53.23% (p < 0.05). Mortality associated with aspiration syndrome in patients of the main group decreased by 51.91% (p< 0.05). The developed computer program «Aspiration Syndrome Severity Assessment Scale» is adapted for ease of use, including emergency medical care. It provides a quick and objective assessment of the patient›s condition, thereby optimizing patient care and improving the prognosis. Treatment tactics, depending on the severity of aspiration syndrome, focus on emergency and urgent measures and patient stabilization in conditions of limited resources. It has been proven to reduce mortality and increase the effectiveness of aspiration syndrome treatment.