ARTICLES
The review paper presents experience of implementation of an educational project - the permanent education system of a large medical facility of Moscow city emergency medical system. Basic project features are given regarding it’s usage and role in pandemic period. We suppose the information given in the paper to be useful for specialists in the spheres of healthcare management in public administration, management of medical organizations and professional medical education.
The article presents an analysis of diagnostic criteria of quality evaluation for emergency medicine and specialized medical care in emergency departments. The results of the study of emergency medicine care in compliance with quality evaluation criteria showed that in groupe of general criteria for quality evaluation it was achieved in 100 prc cases, in groupe of evaluation criteria of extent of medical aid - in 97,4 prc cases, n groupe of evaluation criteria of timely diagnosis and treatment — 98,2 prc. It also shows the high level of medical care in this department.
In order to develop criteria for substantiating surgical and evacuation tactics in patients with polytrauma in level II and III trauma centers, the existing prognostic scales for assessing the severity of the injury were studied and a comparative characteristic was given.
Emergency extracorporeal blood cleansing must be performed in case of poisoning with highly toxic poisons (ethylene glycols, chlorinated hydrocarbons, methyl alcohol, organophosphorus compounds). Urgent - with severe poisoning with potent substances, which are characterized by a long period of a smoothed clinical course. Delayed — to the rest of the victims in case of severe poisoning and ineffectiveness of the main etiopathogenetic treatment within 6 hours according to the individual list of toxicants.
Objectives. To assess the advantages and disadvantages of videolaryngoscopy as one of methods of tracheal intubation which is being widely used as an alternative to direct laryngoscopy in anesthesiologist’s practice.
Material and methods. Over 100 of tracheal intubations were conducted with the use of videolaryngoscope, along with a routine use of the direct laryngoscopy. The results of 48 intubations are discussed. 4 clinical cases are presented in this article.
Results. Cormack-Lehane grade I view was obtained in 39 cases (81,3%), Cormack-Lehane grade II - in 9 patients (18,8%). First attempt intubation was performed in 43 cases (89,6%), in 4 cases intubation was successful after second attempt (8,3%), failed intubation was in 1 case (2,1%). The mean duration of successful intubation was 36,9 sec. Certain difficulties occured during intubation related with the advancement of the endotracheal tube. Technical solutions are given for some of intraprocedural conditions.
Conclusions. Videolaryngoscopy is a safe and effective method of tracheal intubation. Although this method is not lacking in disadvantages it has a number of advantages, main of which is the improved larynx visualization. In our opinion, this method can not completely replace direct laryngoscopy in anesthesiolodist’s practice, but may serve as an adjuvant in case of difficult intubation.
This article contains a historical overview on development of ambulance in Pavlodar, suggests the ways and methods for improvement of the organization of the ambulance, demonstrates the results of implantation of the ambulance reformation projects, and defines goals and algorithms for the advanced effectiveness of ambulance performance
The paper presents the basic ideas about quarantine infections, especially coronavirus infection, and proposes an algorithm for routing patients with COVID‑2019 at the prehospital stage of emergency and emergency care.
Conducted an assessment of the level of consciousness on the Glasgow coma scale, sedation level on the Richmond scale of excitation and sedation, assessment on the ICDSC and CAM–ICU scales, as well as monitoring the blood levels of protein S100b, NSE, BNP, NT‑proBNP, procalcitonin, interleukins‑6, - 8 in 53 patients with burn disease to determine the timing and criteria for the development of cerebral insufficiency. It was determined that cerebral disorders develop already upon admission and persist up to 20 days of observation. The debut of early sepsis is associated with clinical and laboratory criteria for neurological deficit.
There were studied the course and frequency of complications of burn disease in 160 patients of elderly and older age. The results of the study showed that pneumonia was observed in 16.2% of patients. Along with this, it was noted that, against the background of a burn injury, there were observed exacerbation of concomitant disease, which leads to a burdened course of a burn disease and has an adverse effect on its course and outcome.
Relapses of gastroesophageal hemorrhage in patients with portal hypertension are one of the most difficult problems of modern medicine.
Cystectomy, as a type of surgical treatment, is performed for various diseases of the bladder. Most often, with malignant tumors, as well as with benign pathological conditions. Adversity in the postoperative period in patients undergoing cystectomy is mainly due to the need to ensure adequate derivation of urine. One of the solutions to this problem is the implementation of ileocystoplastic, which, in turn, is associated with the implementation of technically difficult and large-scale manipulations during surgery. Organizationally performing a surgical aid such as cystectomy on a stream in a round-the-clock emergency hospital does not make much sense. Successful prevention of severe complications of cystectomy (or their elimination) is probably possible only in those multidisciplinary medical organizations in which the provision of medical care to patients with an oncourological profile is an everyday programmed activity. Specialists of the prehospital medical care section have a special role in routing patients with bladder diseases, and not only their formal referral and delivery to non-specialized medical and preventive care institutions in emergency mode with syndromic diagnoses such as “renal colic or macrohematuria”. Currently, in St. Petersburg, all conditions have been created for the concentration of patients with severe diseases of the bladder in a number of specialized medical organizations in which the required number of cystectomy operations with intestinal plastic is performed annually, which makes it possible to guarantee the maximum effect of the use of such surgical interventions without discrediting the method by the rarity of its implementation, and with favorable long-term results of treatment of patients.