Being a common cause of death and disability, injuries remain a highly relevant global public health problem. In Russia, injuries hold one of the leading positions in the structure of mortality of the population, causing significant social and economic losses for the country. While the likelihood of saving lives and preventing severe complications in injuries largely depends on the ability of witnesses of the incident to early and correctly provide first aid (FA) to the victims, the actual frequency of providing FA remains low. A promising way to involve untrained people in the process of providing FA is to remotely instruct witnesses of the incident by emergency dispatchers on how to give FA. This article discusses international experience of dispatcher assistance for FA in trauma and presents a draft of a universal Russian-language algorithm for remote dispatcher interviewing and advising witnesses of the incident on provision of FA in trauma, that was developed taking into account the current Russian and international guidelines. The algorithm is proposed for further appraisal and implementation in the practical work of emergency dispatchers as a basic component of the federal program of dispatcher assistance for FA.

Objective. The analysis of number and types of divisions of SMP, their dynamics in the Russian Federation during 2014–2020 was a research objective.

Materials and methods: Served as material given federal state statistics, sources are FSN No. 30, 2014–2020; statistical collection «Health Care of Russia», 2021 (Rosstat). Statistical and analytical methods are used.

Results: as a result of a research negative dynam- ics of number of stations and offices of SMP (for 33.4%) and volumes of the provided pre-hospital emer- gency medical service (for 13.0%), growth of number of office of the emergency advisory help and medical evacuation (for 20.2%), the centers of medicine of accidents and emergency medical service (for 73.9%) and also divisions of emergency medical service of a stationary stage is revealed (for 37.8%).

Conclusion. The state program of the Russian Federation «Development of health care» sets a task of increase in efficiency of rendering emergency medical service. The important directions of its development are creation of a uniform regional system of scheduling, development of emergency medical service, sanitary aircraft, formation of the uniform centers of emergency medical service and medicine of accidents, development of a stationary stage of emergency medical service.

Goal of study. Identification of shortcomings, obstacles and problems in the implementation of pain-relief in patients with concomitant injuries by questioning.

Material and methods. A survey of 400 emergency physicians was conducted. The questionnaire consisted of 18 questions with multiple choice of answers. The average age of doctors who completed the survey was 53,5±3,4 years, men — 275 (67,5%), women — 130 (32,5%).

Results. Questioning of doctors revealed insufficient knowledge of emergency medical doctors about modern aspects of prehospital pain-relief, about the use of pain rating scale in practice. 80% of the respondent’s preferred pain-relief with metamisol, 17% preferredopioids. 95% of doctors surveyed believe that the use of narcotic analgesics will take in difficult to further diagnose impaired consciousness.

Conclusion. There are problems and shortcomings in implementation of pain-relief at the prehospital stage in patients with a combined injury, requiring improvement of the training program, including special lectures and practical exercises on the problem of pain-relief and aspects of care for patients with a combined injury.

In 91 patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension, the efficacy and safety of combinations of antihypertensive drugs were compared. 30 patients received a combination of captopril and furosemide; 32 — moxonidine and furosemide; 29 — moxonidine and nifedipine. Drugs were prescribed by fixed randomization using a table of random numbers. It is shown that the combination of captopril and furosemide has a sufficient, but not stable antihypertensive effect, moxonidine and nifedipine, moxonidine and furosemide — a sufficient and stable effect. When using moxonidine and nifedipine, a significantly higher frequency of excessive lowering of blood pressure was detected. The proposed method of registration and evaluation of blood pressure monitoring of funds is easily feasible at the pre-hospital stage.

The purpose of this work was to study the features of the development of hemorrhagic complications in patients with bilateral viral pneumonia associated with COVID-19 of severe course, delivered to the hospital for emergency indications. The study included 561 patients with bilateral viral pneumonia. Various variants of bleeding were noted in 45 cases, all of them occurred in patients with severe new coronavirus infection (39 patients or 6.95% of all patients with severe NCI and 4.11% among all examined patients). Cases of combined hemorrhagic events were noted in 4 patients. In addition to age, gender, obesity and comorbidity, the use of antiplatelet therapy played a key role in the development of bleeding, which indicates the need to reduce the daily doses of such drugs at the later stages of treatment.

Introduction. The active development of the Russian nursing service of a medical organization operating in the conditions of modern realities, namely, increased readiness, needs further scientific and methodological support in the field of practical recommendations in emergency situations (ES).

Target. Determine the medical and social portrait of the victims of the terrorist attack in the St. Petersburg metro on 04/03/2017, admitted to the St. I. I. Janelidze (hereinafter referred to as the Institute) and analyze the quality of nursing care provided to them. Materials and research methods. A medical and social portrait of the victims of the terrorist attack on April 3, 2017 in St. Petersburg, who were admitted to the Institute for medical care, is presented. When performing the main source of information were specially designed questionnaires (out of 25 received victims, in view of their condition and for ethical reasons, 20 people were questioned). The main research methods are sociological, analytical, descriptive statistics.

Results and its discussion. It was revealed that the average social portrait of a victim of a terrorist attack in the St. Petersburg metro on April 3 is as follows. Female or male, 19 to 30 years of age, working, single/single, needs some assistance with self- care after a medical emergency. In most patients, the time to provide emergency medical care ranged from 30 minutes to 1 hour. When providing emergency medical care to patients, every second nurse observed the principles of ethics and deontology. Problems were identified in the implementation of some nursing procedures, which requires further attention when conducting exercises to work out the actions of nursing personnel in emergencies.

Conclusion. The identified problems require the development and implementation of algorithms, methodological support, for organizing the actions of nursing staff in order to improve the quality of care in emergencies.

The study of the occurrence of articular syndrome in general, and acute articular syndrome (AAS) in particular, is an important medical and social task, the solution of which makes it possible to determine the amount of necessary forces and means for the organization of medical care for these patients. Since 2008, the authors have been studying the features of diagnosis and treatment of patients with AAS, for the first time in the Russian Federation on the basis of the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I. I. Dzhanelidze introduced the concept of providing medical care to patients with AAS into clinical practice. The study of data on the prevalence of articular syndrome allows us to outline ways to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms, reducing the time of diagnosis of diseases and optimizing the duration of the inpatient stage of treatment.